Between 19, the first publicly sold, mass-market periodicals intended for a gay, lesbian, or transvestite readership were published, although they faced censorship lawsuits and bans on public sale after the 1926 Trash and Smut Law. Reduced censorship and the growth of homosexual subcultures in German cities helped the movement to flourish during the Weimar Republic. ![]() During the German Empire, the movement was restricted to an educated elite, but it greatly expanded in the aftermath of World War I and the German Revolution. In 1897, Magnus Hirschfeld founded the world's first homosexual organization, the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee, whose aim was to use science to improve public tolerance of homosexuality and repeal Paragraph 175. German writers in the mid-nineteenth century coined the word homosexual and criticized its criminalization. The movement began in Germany because of a confluence of factors, including the criminalization of sex between men ( Paragraph 175) and the country's relatively lax censorship. The first homosexual movement was a socio-political movement which thrived in Germany from the late nineteenth century until 1933. ![]() ![]() Memorial to the First Homosexual Emancipation Movement in Berlin-Moabit, unveiled in 2017 German social movement, late 19th century to 1933
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